★★★ 20 minutes Franco-cultural Northwest Europe.The foundations of Normandy take us back to the pre-royal phase of Viking raids. One of these Vikings, a Scandinavian of uncertain origin named Rollo, had established himself and his followers in the lower Seine valley by the early tenth century, and Charles the Simple, king of West Francia, granted... Continua a leggere →

★★★ 18 minutes Modern varieties of geopolitical theory are abundant and often conflicting. Anglo-American and German approaches tend toward a geographically oriented outlook that tends to see politics at work within a geographical setting that is, if not strictly deterministic, at least very influential (the classic theories of Halford Mackinder certainly fit this characterization), whereas... Continua a leggere →